Donald Trump has become the third US president in history to be impeached by the House of Representatives, setting up a trial in the Senate that will decide whether he remains in office.
The House voted on two charges – that the president had abused his power and that he had obstructed Congress.
Nearly all Democrats voted for the charges and every Republican against.
President Trump’s Republicans control the Senate so it is highly unlikely he will be removed from power.
Democrats are already unhappy at the way the trial could be held. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi has now indicated it might delay sending the articles of impeachment to the Senate, in order to bargain on the terms of the proceedings.
This could put off the trial for an indefinite period, denying Mr Trump his expected acquittal.
Mr Trump remained defiant as the voting took place, telling a campaign rally in Battle Creek, Michigan: “While we’re creating jobs and fighting for Michigan, the radical left in Congress is consumed with envy and hatred and rage.”
What happened in the votes?
After 10 hours of partisan debate on the merits of the two impeachment charges against President Trump, the House called for votes at about 20:30 on Wednesday (01:30 GMT Thursday).
The first charge is abuse of power, stemming from Mr Trump’s alleged attempt to pressure Ukraine to announce investigations into his Democratic political rival, Joe Biden.
It passed by 230 votes to 197, almost completely on party lines. Only two Democrats opposed – New Jersey’s Jeff Van Drew, who is set to leave the party, and Minnesota’s Collin Peterson.
The second charge is obstruction of Congress, because the president allegedly refused to co-operate with the impeachment inquiry, withholding documentary evidence and barring his key aides from giving evidence.
It passed by 229-198. Democrat Jared Golden of Maine voted for the first charge but opposed this.
No Republicans supported impeachment, although ex-party member Justin Amash, from Michigan, did.
Democratic presidential candidate Tulsi Gabbard voted “present” on both charges – effectively an abstention. Two members were absent for personal reasons.
Being impeached places Donald Trump alongside only two other presidents in the nation’s history – Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton.
What happens next?
A trial is set to take place in the Senate in the New Year but quite when is unclear.
The Republican Party has a majority, making it almost impossible that the president will be removed from office.
Republican Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said last week that Republican senators would act in “total co-ordination” with the president’s team during the trial, outraging Democrats who pointed out that senators were obliged to act as impartial jurors.
This has led to a growing movement within the Democrats to delay the trial until Mr McConnell – who decides its rules and which witnesses will testify – has been forced to conduct it on more favourable terms.
He is due to address the Senate on Thursday.
Ms Pelosi said: “We will make our decision as to when we are going to send [the impeachment articles] when we see what they are doing on the Senate side. So far, we have not seen anything that looks fair to us.”
She said the Democrats would not name the “managers” – who will present the case in the Senate for impeachment – until this is sorted.
Some Republican aides told the Washington Post that delaying the trial would further fuel the belief that the Democrats were engaged in a partisan abuse of the constitution.
What did House members say during the debate?
Ms Pelosi opened the debate, saying: “For centuries Americans have fought and died to defend democracy for the people, but very sadly now our founder’s vision of a republic is under threat from actions from the White House.
“If we do not act now, we would be derelict in our duty. It is tragic that the president’s reckless actions make impeachment necessary. He gave us no choice.”
Doug Collins, the top Republican on the House Judiciary Committee, accused Democrats of conducting an unfair and illegitimate inquiry.
“This is an impeachment based on presumption. This is a poll-tested impeachment about what actually sells to the American people,” Mr Collins said.
The two charges of impeachment
230-197-Abuse of power
229-198-Obstruction of Congress
0-Republicans backing charges in either vote
2-Democrats opposing abuse of power charge
3-Democrats opposing obstruction charge
Democrats were reportedly instructed by Ms Pelosi to treat the process solemnly. She told reporters outside the chamber she was “sad” about the proceedings, and a number of Democrats reflected on their disappointment at being involved in the impeachment.
Ms Gabbard, who effectively abstained, said she believed Mr Trump was guilty of wrongdoing but that she could not support a “partisan process, fuelled by tribal animosities”.
Across the country in the 24 hours leading up to the vote, pro-impeachment protesters took to the streets. Hundreds of people gathered in Times Square in New York on Tuesday night, chanting: “Tell me who’s above the law? Nobody is above the law!”
How has Mr Trump responded?
During the House debates, Mr Trump tweeted several times, calling the Democratic arguments “ATROCIOUS LIES BY THE RADICAL LEFT” and an “ASSAULT ON THE REPUBLICAN PARTY!!!!”.
At his Michigan rally, he told supporters: “The Democrats are declaring their deep hatred and disdain for the American voter.
“They’ve been trying to impeach me from day one. They’ve been trying to impeach me from before I ran.”
The president had also made an extraordinary intervention on the eve of Wednesday’s vote, penning an irate six-page letter to Ms Pelosi accusing her of declaring “open war on American democracy”.
The White House released a statement saying that the president was “confident that he will be fully exonerated” in a Senate trial.
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